ACT Section One: English test Dumps

ACT-English test Format | Course Contents | Course Outline | test Syllabus | test Objectives

Test Details:
- test Name: ACT ACT-English ACT Section One: English
- test Format: Multiple-choice questions
- test Duration: 45 minutes
- Number of Questions: 75-80
- Passing Score: Varies (scaled score)
- Prerequisites: None
- test Date: Offered multiple times throughout the year

Course Outline: ACT ACT-English ACT Section One: English

I. Usage and Mechanics
A. Punctuation (commas, apostrophes, semicolons, colons, etc.)
B. Grammar and sentence structure
C. Capitalization and punctuation rules

II. Rhetorical Skills
A. Organization and Unity
B. Sentence Formation and Structure
C. Style and Tone

III. Strategy and Approach
A. Time management and pacing strategies
B. Identifying main ideas and supporting details
C. Effective memorizing and comprehension techniques

IV. Contextual Understanding
A. Identifying word choice and vocabulary usage
B. Recognizing the author's purpose and tone
C. Analyzing the relationships between different parts of a passage

Exam Objectives:
- Demonstrate knowledge of grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure rules
- Apply rhetorical skills in analyzing and improving sentence formation and structure
- Understand and apply strategies for effective memorizing and comprehension
- Recognize and analyze word choice, tone, and author's purpose
- Evaluate the relationships between different parts of a passage for contextual understanding

Syllabus:
The syllabus for the ACT ACT-English ACT Section One: English course will cover the following topics:
- Usage and Mechanics, including punctuation, grammar, and capitalization
- Rhetorical Skills, focusing on organization, sentence formation, and style
- Strategy and Approach, including time management and effective memorizing techniques
- Contextual Understanding, involving word choice, author's purpose, and passage analysis

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ACT Section One: English
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Question: 301
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> <6>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. which had become the driving force of
C. that forced the driving of
D. that drove the force behind
Answer: A
Explanation:
This choice presents the correct word order and conveys the correct idea.
Question: 302
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> <5>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. place. These included
C. place. Thus including
D. place, including
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is the best choice. Choice B is grammatically correct, but D combines the sentences for greater sentence variety.
Question: 303
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> <4>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. from the middle of the century eighteen
C. from the mid-1700s
D. beginning in the middle of the 1700s, around 1750,
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is the most concise choice. Choices A and D are redundant; choice B has improper word order.
Question: 304
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> <3>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. was quickly spreading
C. spread with great rapidity
D. spread fast
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is the most correct and concise choice.
Question: 305
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> The most logical sequence for paragraph 2 is:
A. NO CHANGE
B. (2), (1), (3)
C. (3), (2), (1)
D. (3), (1), (2)
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is the most logical sequence: first, the sentence giving the overall timeline of the revolution, then the next two
sentences in chronological order.
Question: 306
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> <2>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. a public education system
C. systematizing education
D. public education
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
Answer: B
Explanation:
This choice makes the sentence parallel.
Question: 307
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Industrial Revolution
[�1] The Industrial Revolution was essentially a rapid change in the method of production of material goods. <1>
Products once made by hand were now able to be produced by machine or by chemical processes. The Industrial
Revolution transformed Western society, creating an international capitalist economy, urbanization, labor reforms, a
system to educate the public, <2> and labor specialization.
[�2] (1) In the first century of the Industrial Revolution, the country undergoing the most dramatic change was
England. (2) After 1850, the Industrial Revolution spread rapidly <3> throughout Europe. (3) While the pace of
change during the Industrial Revolution was indeed very rapid, the Industrial Revolution itself stretched over a rather
long period of time � from the middle of the 18th century in the 1700s <4> through World War I (1914).
[�3] Several key discoveries and inventions enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place included <5> machines and
tools like the cotton gin, the radio, the circular saw, the cylindrical press, and the steam engine. Cement, dynamite, and
aluminum were invented, as were the bleaching and paper-making processes. At the same time, there was a
tremendous growth in population and urbanization. In fact, the population growth in England was so dramatic that the
country�s population doubled between 1750-1820. This meant a great demand for food, clothing, and shelter, demands
that became the driving force behind <6> the Industrial Revolution.
[�4] Mass production of goods was made possible in large part due to <7> the steam engine. The steam engine enabled
factories to move from the countryside (where they were by bodies of water, their source of power) into cities and
towns, which were becoming increasingly crowded. <8> The writer changed the underlined text <1> to in how
material goods were produced. The result is a sentence that is:
A. more dramatic
B. more concise
C. more complex
D. more accurate
Answer: B
Explanation:
This change would make the sentence more concise.
Question: 308
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
Which of the following sequences makes paragraph 4 most logical?
A. NO CHANGE
B. (12), (13), (14), (16), (17), (15)C. (12), (17), (14), (15), (16), (13) D. (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (13)
D. (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (13)
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is the most logical sequence. The sentence about Lawson and naming the safety bicycle must come before the
details of the safety bicycle. Sentence (13) is the best conclusion for the paragraph.
Question: 309
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
If the writer were trying to convince readers to buy a bicycle, he would:
A. NO CHANGE
B. Add a paragraph describing the health and environmental benefits of riding a bike.
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
C. Add a paragraph comparing the cost and quality of today�s best-selling bicycles.
D. Add a paragraph about the Tour de France and other bicycle races.
Answer: B
Explanation:
This choice gives readers reasons to buy a bicycle for themselves.
Question: 310
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<8>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. H. J. Lawson invented by another Englishman,
C. Invented by another Englishman, H. J. Lawson,
D. Another Englishman inventor, H. J. Lawson,
Answer: C
Explanation:
This choice presents the correct word order.
Question: 311
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<7>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. Today there are built,
C. Today they, are built,D. Today, they are built,
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comma after an introductory word or phrase and they + are contraction.
Question: 312
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<6>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. putted a gear on
C. put a gear in
D. put a gear on
Answer: D
Explanation:
This choice gives the sentence parallel structure.
Question: 313
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<5>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. He made
C. He had made
D. He; made
Answer: B
Explanation:
There should not be a comma between a subject and a verb.
Question: 314
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<4>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. looked not
C. didn�t look
D. wasn�t looking
Answer: C
Explanation:
The verb needs to be in the past tense.
Question: 315
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<3>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. could be rode quickly
C. could have been ridden fast
D. could ride at a quick pace
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is correct as is.
Question: 316
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<2>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. Macmillan was a Scottish blacksmith
C. Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith,
D. Macmillan, he was a Scottish blacksmith,
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
Answer: C
Explanation:
The phrase a Scottish blacksmith is relevant but nonessential information and needs to be set off by commas.
Question: 317
DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present
alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the
statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the
passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE".
Bicycles
[�1] (1) Today, bicycles are so common that it�s hard to believe they haven�t always been around. (2) But two hundred
years ago, bicycles weren�t even existing, <1> and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our
bicycles today � it was made of wood and didn�t even have pedals. (3) Since then, however, numerous innovations and
improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around
the world.
[�2] (4) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan a Scottish blacksmith, <2> dramatically improved upon the original bicycle
design. (5) Macmillan�s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (6) He also used foot-
operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. <3> (7) It hadn�t looked <4> much
like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. (8) In 1861, the
French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
[�3] (9) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (10) He, made <5> the front
wheel many times larger than the back wheel, putting a gear on <6> the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and
lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (11) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was
still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
[�4] (12) It wasn�t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (13) Today their built, <7>
used, and enjoyed all over the world. (14) H. J. Lawson, invented by another Englishman, <8> the �safety bicycle�
would look familiar to today�s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling
over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the
bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation.
<1>:
A. NO CHANGE
B. there was no such thing as a bicycle,
C. bicycles were uninvented,
D. whoever heard of a bicycle,
Answer: B
Explanation:
This choice has the most appropriate and correct usage and word choice.
ACT-English.html[10/12/2021 4:17:10 PM]
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